Istihsan Sebagai Metode Ijtihad Dalam Menjawab Problematika Fikih Kontemporer

Abstrak

This study discusses the concept of istihsan in ushul fiqh and its implementation in addressing contemporary fiqh problems in the modern era. The development of science and technology has given rise to various new issues in the fields of muamalah, Islamic banking, and medicine that are not explicitly explained in classical fiqh. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of istihsan, its position as a method of ijtihad, and its application in digital transactions, Islamic banking, and the medical field. The method used is library research with a qualitative normative-ushul approach through descriptive analysis of classical and contemporary ushul fiqh literature. The results show that istihsan is an ijtihad method that provides flexibility in determining Islamic law by moving away from general qiyas towards stronger evidence based on benefit, and functions as a bridge between normative texts and maqasid sharia. Its implementation is seen in the validity of online contracts, the development of Islamic banking products, and the permissibility of medical procedures such as organ transplants under certain conditions. This research confirms that Islamic law is dynamic and adaptive to developments in the era through istihsan as an important instrument in contemporary ijtihad.