Review of Utilization, Chemical Content, and Pharmacological Activity of Macroalgaes for Development and Empowerment of Natural Resources on South Garut, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52434/jifb.v17i1.42460Kata Kunci:
Sargassum sp., Glacilaria, Ulva Lactuca, Macroalgae, Natural resourcesAbstrak
Macroalgae are autotrophic organisms that do not have organs like plants, such as roots, stems, and leaves. Macroalgae are grouped based on shape, size, and color. Indonesia is the secondlargest seaweed-producing country in the world. One of the coastal areas with abundant natural resources is the Garut Regency, Indonesia. The coastal area in Garut Regency has an area of around 306,519 Ha with a length of the south coast area of around 72 km. The South Garut Coast area has abundant marine resources, especially macroalgae. There are 44 species of macroalgae of this type consisting of three divisions, namely the Chlorophyta division, which consists of 13 species and seven genera; the Phaeophyta division, consisting of 9 species and four genera; and the Rhodophyta division, consisting of 22 species and ten genera. The macroalgae most commonly found in the coastal waters of South Garut are Glacilaria (six species) and Sargassum (four species). Macroalgae have benefited from an ecological and economic perspective. The chemical content of macroalgae can also be used as raw materials or additional ingredients in several industries, such as the food, supplement, medicine, agriculture, and cosmetics industries. The influence of seasons and variations in harvest will influence the chemical content in macroalgae. Green algae (Chlorophyta) have higher protein than brown algae (Phaeophyta) and red algae (Rhodophyta). Brown algae (Phaeophyta) contain higher levels of minerals and polyphenols. The secondary metabolite content of macroalgae has several pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer.
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