CHANGES IN BASIC RUNNING SKILLS AFTER A BENTENGAN TRADITIONAL-GAME PROGRAM

Abstract

This study quantified changes in basic running-skill scores among third-grade pupils after 16 physical-education lessons incorporating the Indonesian traditional game Bentengan. A one-group pretest–posttest design involved all 15 pupils in one class at MI NW Lingkung. A rubric assessed acceleration, movement coordination, and lower-limb explosive performance before and after the program. Paired scores were compared using a paired-samples t test. Mean scores increased from 44.79±4.83 to 59.91±5.92. The mean increase was 15.13 points (95% CI 12.32–17.95), t(14)=11.542, p<.001, with a large paired effect (dₙ=2.98). Running-skill scores improved during the 16-lesson Bentengan program. Because one class was assessed without a control group and the outcome rubric was incompletely documented, the improvement cannot be attributed exclusively to the game.