A Study on the Validity, Reliability, and Objectivity of the Crescent Kick Technique in Pencak Silat

Abstract

This study aims to develop and test the quality of a biomechanical instrument for crescent kicks in the sport of pencak silat, based on the Kinovea software. The development of the instrument was conducted as an effort to provide an objective, standardized measurement tool that can minimize the subjectivity of assessing kicking techniques, which has often been done observationally. The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects consisted of 28 athletes from the Maung Lugay Branch of the National Pencak Silat School (PPSN) in Bekasi Regency, selected using a purposive sampling technique. The instrument was designed based on four biomechanical principles, namely range of motion, balance, segmental interaction, and spin, which were applied to 12 assessment indicators covering the preparatory phase, execution phase, and follow-through phase of the crescent kick. Data collection was conducted through video recording of the crescent kick movements, which were then analyzed using Kinovea software to measure joint movement angles kinematically. The content validity of the instrument was evaluated by three validators who have expertise in pencak silat and sports biomechanics. The reliability and objectivity of the instrument were analyzed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) based on the assessments of three raters. The results of the study indicated that the instrument has good content validity and is relevant for use in measuring crescent kick techniques. The ICC test results showed a Single Measures value of 0.848 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.738 – 0.920, while the Average Measures value was 0.943 with a significance of 0.000. The findings indicate that the instrument has a high level of reliability and objectivity. Therefore, the Kinovea-based biomechanics instrument for the crescent kick is suitable for use as a measurement tool in motion analysis, technique evaluation, athlete development, as well as research in the field of pencak silat.