Sistem Aerasi dengan Pengendalian PID untuk Optimasi Kadar Oksigen Terlarut pada Kolam Ikan

Penulis

  • Rima Nur Kamilah Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Universitas Siliwangi
  • Nurul Hiron Universitas Siliwangi
  • Firmansyah Maulana Universitas Siliwangi

Kata Kunci:

PID, aerasi, oksigen terlarut, konsumsi energi, mikrokontroller

Abstrak

Kadar oksigen terlarut (DO) merupakan parameter penting dalam budidaya ikan karena berpengaruh langsung terhadap metabolisme, pertumbuhan, dan kelangsungan hidup ikan. Penelitian ini merancang sistem aerasi otomatis berbasis kontrol Proportional– Integral–Derivative (PID) menggunakan mikrokontroler LilyGO T-Relay dan modul AC Dimmer. Sistem dilengkapi sensor DO, pH, dan suhu yang memantau kualitas air secara real-time serta mengirim data ke Google Sheets melalui koneksi Wi-Fi. Pengujian dilakukan pada empat setpoint DO: 4 mg/L, 5,3 mg/L, 6 mg/L, dan 7 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem mampu mempertahankan DO dengan error rata-rata 2,02% dan penghematan energi hingga 99,5%, dengan konsumsi daya terendah 0,45 Wh pada setpoint 4 mg/L. Sistem ini dinilai efektif menjaga kualitas air sekaligus meningkatkan efisiensi energi dalam budidaya ikan.

Referensi

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[2] E. Toro, D. Hartono, and M. A. F. Utami, “Kajian Kualitas Air Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Sidat Pada Kolam Air Mengalir,” AQUACOASTMARINE J. Aquat. Fish. Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 50–55, 2024, doi: 10.32734/jafs.v3i1.13303.

[3] J. G. Mansula and A. Romadhon, “Analisis Kesesuaian Habitat Peneluran Penyu Di Pantai Saba, Gianyar, Bali,” Juv. Ilm. Kelaut. dan Perikan., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 8–18, 2020, doi: 10.21107/juvenil.v1i1.6669.

[4] P. A. Indriati and H. Hafiludin, “Manajemen Kualitas Air Pada Pembenihan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Di Balai Benih Ikan Teja Timur Pamekasan,” Juv. Ilm. Kelaut. dan Perikan., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 27–31, 2022, doi: 10.21107/juvenil.v3i2.15812.

[5] M. A. Djaelani, K. Kasiyati, and S. Sunarno, “Pertambahan Bobot Tubuh, Panjang Tubuh dan Tinggi Tubuh Ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus) yang Dipelihara Pada Aerasi dan Padat Tebar Berbeda,” Bul. Anat. dan Fisiol., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 106–113, 2023, doi: 10.14710/baf.8.2.2023.106-113.

[6] D. Li, M. Zou, and L. Jiang, “Dissolved oxygen control strategies for water treatment: a review,” Water Sci. Technol., vol. 86, no. 6, pp. 1444–1466, 2022, doi: 10.2166/wst.2022.281.

[7] Z. Dong and Y. Wang, “Optimization of Power Load and Energy Consumption in Industrialized Recirculating Aquaculture System,” in IET Conference Proceedings, IET, 2023, pp. 79–82. doi: 10.1049/icp.2023.1875.

[8] X. Zhou, J. Wang, L. Huang, D. Li, and Q. Duan, “Modelling and controlling dissolved oxygen in recirculating aquaculture systems based on mechanism analysis and an adaptive PID controller,” Comput. Electron. Agric., vol. 192, p. 106583, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2021.106583.

[9] M. K. Dawane and G. M. Malwatkar, “Theoretical and experimental implementation of PID and sliding mode control on an inverted pendulum system,” Bull. Electr. Eng. Informatics, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 920–930, 2024, doi: 10.11591/eei.v14i2.8439.

[10] H. A. Abdelrahman and C. E. Boyd, “Effects of mechanical aeration on evaporation rate and water temperature in aquaculture ponds,” Aquac. Res., vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 2184–2192, 2018, doi: 10.1111/are.13674.

[11] N. Nuryanti, B. Dwiartomo, and A. N. Hikmah, “Pengaturan Energy Hybrid Tenaga Surya dan PLN pada Pompa Aerasi Tambak Udang Berbasis PID Control,” Pros. Ind. Res. Work. Natl. Semin., vol. 12, pp. 12–17, 2021, doi: 10.35313/irwns.v12i0.2649.

[12] F. H. Pereira Silva, “On/Off Control Versus PID Control: A Comparative Case Study On Condensers of Cooling Systems,” pp. 88–99, 2022, doi: 10.33422/4th.raseconf.2022.09.48.

[13] Z. Wang et al., “Development of an Enhanced Self-Tuning RBF-PID Controller for Achieving Higher Energy-Efficient Process Control,” J. Build. Constr. Plan. Res., vol. 09, no. 04, pp. 272–291, 2021, doi: 10.4236/jbcpr.2021.94017.

[14] H. Maghfiroh, M. Nizam, and S. Praptodiyono, “PID optimal control to reduce energy consumption in DC-drive system,” Int. J. Power Electron. Drive Syst., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 2164–2172, 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i4.pp2164-2172.

[15] X. Yao, G. Zhang, S. Yang, and Y. Chen, “Adaptive Anti-Disturbance Control of Dissolved Oxygen in Circulating Water Culture Systems,” Symmetry (Basel)., vol. 15, no. 11, 2023, doi: 10.3390/sym15112015.

[16] A. Hadi, “Perbandingan Tuning Parameter Kontroller PD Menggunakan Metode Trial and Error dengan Analisa Gain pada Motor Servo AC,” Inovtek Polbeng, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–5, 2016, [Online]. Available: http://ejournal.polbeng.ac.id/index.php/IP/article/view/42

[1] Y. Mulyani, D. Y. Pratiwi, and M. U. K. Agung, “Penyuluhan Daring Manajemen Kualitas Air untuk Budidaya Ikan dalam Ember di Desa Cipacing, Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat,” Farmers J. Community Serv., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 42, 2021, doi: 10.24198/fjcs.v2i1.31546.

[2] E. Toro, D. Hartono, and M. A. F. Utami, “Kajian Kualitas Air Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Sidat Pada Kolam Air Mengalir,” AQUACOASTMARINE J. Aquat. Fish. Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 50–55, 2024, doi: 10.32734/jafs.v3i1.13303.

[3] J. G. Mansula and A. Romadhon, “Analisis Kesesuaian Habitat Peneluran Penyu Di Pantai Saba, Gianyar, Bali,” Juv. Ilm. Kelaut. dan Perikan., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 8–18, 2020, doi: 10.21107/juvenil.v1i1.6669.

[4] P. A. Indriati and H. Hafiludin, “Manajemen Kualitas Air Pada Pembenihan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Di Balai Benih Ikan Teja Timur Pamekasan,” Juv. Ilm. Kelaut. dan Perikan., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 27–31, 2022, doi: 10.21107/juvenil.v3i2.15812.

[5] M. A. Djaelani, K. Kasiyati, and S. Sunarno, “Pertambahan Bobot Tubuh, Panjang Tubuh dan Tinggi Tubuh Ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus) yang Dipelihara Pada Aerasi dan Padat Tebar Berbeda,” Bul. Anat. dan Fisiol., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 106–113, 2023, doi: 10.14710/baf.8.2.2023.106-113.

[6] D. Li, M. Zou, and L. Jiang, “Dissolved oxygen control strategies for water treatment: a review,” Water Sci. Technol., vol. 86, no. 6, pp. 1444–1466, 2022, doi: 10.2166/wst.2022.281.

[7] Z. Dong and Y. Wang, “Optimization of Power Load and Energy Consumption in Industrialized Recirculating Aquaculture System,” in IET Conference Proceedings, IET, 2023, pp. 79–82. doi: 10.1049/icp.2023.1875.

[8] X. Zhou, J. Wang, L. Huang, D. Li, and Q. Duan, “Modelling and controlling dissolved oxygen in recirculating aquaculture systems based on mechanism analysis and an adaptive PID controller,” Comput. Electron. Agric., vol. 192, p. 106583, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2021.106583.

[9] M. K. Dawane and G. M. Malwatkar, “Theoretical and experimental implementation of PID and sliding mode control on an inverted pendulum system,” Bull. Electr. Eng. Informatics, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 920–930, 2024, doi: 10.11591/eei.v14i2.8439.

[10] H. A. Abdelrahman and C. E. Boyd, “Effects of mechanical aeration on evaporation rate and water temperature in aquaculture ponds,” Aquac. Res., vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 2184–2192, 2018, doi: 10.1111/are.13674.

[11] N. Nuryanti, B. Dwiartomo, and A. N. Hikmah, “Pengaturan Energy Hybrid Tenaga Surya dan PLN pada Pompa Aerasi Tambak Udang Berbasis PID Control,” Pros. Ind. Res. Work. Natl. Semin., vol. 12, pp. 12–17, 2021, doi: 10.35313/irwns.v12i0.2649.

[12] F. H. Pereira Silva, “On/Off Control Versus PID Control: A Comparative Case Study On Condensers of Cooling Systems,” pp. 88–99, 2022, doi: 10.33422/4th.raseconf.2022.09.48.

[13] Z. Wang et al., “Development of an Enhanced Self-Tuning RBF-PID Controller for Achieving Higher Energy-Efficient Process Control,” J. Build. Constr. Plan. Res., vol. 09, no. 04, pp. 272–291, 2021, doi: 10.4236/jbcpr.2021.94017.

[14] H. Maghfiroh, M. Nizam, and S. Praptodiyono, “PID optimal control to reduce energy consumption in DC-drive system,” Int. J. Power Electron. Drive Syst., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 2164–2172, 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i4.pp2164-2172.

[15] X. Yao, G. Zhang, S. Yang, and Y. Chen, “Adaptive Anti-Disturbance Control of Dissolved Oxygen in Circulating Water Culture Systems,” Symmetry (Basel)., vol. 15, no. 11, 2023, doi: 10.3390/sym15112015.

[16] A. Hadi, “Perbandingan Tuning Parameter Kontroller PD Menggunakan Metode Trial and Error dengan Analisa Gain pada Motor Servo AC,” Inovtek Polbeng, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–5, 2016, [Online]. Available: http://ejournal.polbeng.ac.id/index.php/IP/article/view/42

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

12/31/2025