Posisi pembacaan audiens terhadap perlawanan perempuan dalam film women from rote island

Abstrak

Abstract

Women From Rote Island (2024) portrays various forms of women's resistance against sexual violence and patriarchal culture through female characters who struggle to achieve justice within unequal power relations. This study aims to analyze audience reception of the representation of women's resistance in Women From Rote Island. The research employed a qualitative approach using Stuart Hall's encoding-decoding reception analysis. Six adult audiences with diverse social, cultural, educational, and experiential backgrounds were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, which consists of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that most participants occupied the dominant-hegemonic reading position by accepting the film's preferred meaning that women's ideological, verbal, symbolic, and physical resistance represents a response to patriarchal culture, unequal power relations, and the failure of social institutions to protect women who experience sexual violence. A smaller number of participants demonstrated a negotiated reading, in which they accepted the film's central message while reinterpreting it based on their cultural background, educational experiences, and personal life experiences. No participants were found to occupy an oppositional reading position. The study also found that audience reception was influenced more by social experience, cultural background, educational attainment, and exposure to gender equality issues than by the participants' gender. Furthermore, the representation of women's resistance was interpreted not as a rejection of culture itself but as a critique of patriarchal practices that perpetuate gender inequality. This study contributes to reception analysis by demonstrating that the meaning of a film is not solely constructed by filmmakers but is continuously reproduced through audiences' decoding processes shaped by their social experiences and cultural contexts.

Keywords: Audience reception; Stuart Hall; women's resistance; patriarchal culture; sexual violence; women from rote island.

Abstrak

Film Women From Rote Island (2024) merepresentasikan berbagai bentuk perlawanan perempuan terhadap kekerasan seksual dan budaya patriarki melalui tokoh-tokoh perempuan yang berupaya memperjuangkan keadilan di tengah relasi kuasa yang timpang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis resepsi audiens terhadap representasi perlawanan perempuan dalam film Women From Rote Island. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis resepsi Stuart Hall (encoding-decoding). Informan penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang terdiri atas enam audiens dewasa dengan latar belakang sosial, budaya, pendidikan, dan pengalaman yang beragam. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña yang meliputi kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas informan berada pada posisi dominant-hegemonic reading, yaitu menerima preferred meaning yang dikonstruksi film bahwa perlawanan perempuan, baik dalam bentuk ideologis, verbal, simbolik, maupun fisik, merupakan respons terhadap budaya patriarki, relasi kuasa, serta kegagalan sistem sosial dalam melindungi perempuan korban kekerasan seksual. Sementara itu, sebagian kecil informan menunjukkan kecenderungan negotiated reading dengan melakukan penyesuaian makna berdasarkan pengalaman budaya, pendidikan, dan pengalaman personal yang dimiliki, sedangkan posisi oppositional reading tidak ditemukan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa proses resepsi lebih dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman sosial, latar belakang budaya, tingkat pendidikan, serta keterpaparan terhadap isu kesetaraan gender dibandingkan jenis kelamin informan. Temuan penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa representasi perlawanan perempuan dalam film tidak dimaknai sebagai bentuk penolakan terhadap budaya, melainkan sebagai kritik terhadap praktik-praktik patriarki yang melanggengkan ketidakadilan gender. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperkaya kajian analisis resepsi dengan menunjukkan bahwa makna film tidak berhenti pada proses representasi yang dibangun pembuat film, tetapi diproduksi kembali oleh audiens melalui proses decoding berdasarkan pengalaman dan konteks sosial yang mereka miliki.

Kata-kata kunci: Analisis resepsi; Stuart Hall; perlawanan perempuan; budaya patriarki; kekerasan seksual; women from rote island.