ANALISIS DAYA SAING CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) INDONESIA DI PASAR AMERIKA SERIKAT
Fahira Azalia Azzahra, Irene Kartika Eka Wijayanti
Sari
Setiap tahun, kebutuhan akan hasil perkebunan meningkat. CPO (Crude Palm Oil) merupakan salah satu produk pertanian yang sangat disukai di beberapa negara. Indonesa menjadi negara penyumbang CPO terbesar di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 2022 dengan nilai penjualan 2 miliar US$ atau 84 persen dari total nilai penjualan impor CPO di Amerika Serikat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah menganalisis keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif komoditi CPO Indonesia dibandingkan dengan Malaysia, Kolombia, dan Ekuador tahun 2013 – 2022 serta mengetahui kekuatan ekspor CPO Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat yang dibandingkan dengan empat negara pesaingnya. Keunggulan komparatif akan dianalisis menggunakan indeks revealed comparative advantage (RCA) sedangkan keunggulan kompetitif akan dianalisis menggunakan indeks spesialisasi perdagangan (ISP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki daya saing komparatif yang lebih unggul dari Malaysia, Kolombia, dan Ekuador yaitu sebesar 67,08. Daya saing kompetitif yang dihitung menggunakan analisis ISP memberikan hasil yang menunjukkan bahwa negara Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Ekuador memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar 1,00, 0,89, dan 0,90. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa negara Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Ekuador memiliki ekspor CPO yang berada pada tahap pematangan, sehingga produk CPO mereka sangat bersaing di pasar Amerika Serikat. Sedangkan Kolombia memiliki nilai sebesar 0,40 yang artinya negara tersebut ada pada tahap pertumbuhan ekspor. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Amerika Serikat sangat potensial sebagai negara tujuan ekspor CPO Indonesia
Kata kata Kunci: Analisis Daya Saing, RCA, ISP
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.52434/mja.v7i1.3413
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