Tradisi Penulisan dan Pengajaran Kitab di Pesantren sebagai Upaya Pelestarian Naskah Islam di Jawa Barat

Abstrak

The tradition of writing and teaching Islamic texts in pesantren is a key pillar in preserving Islamic scholarship and manuscript heritage in Indonesia, particularly in West Java. Using a descriptive-analytical method based on library research, this study examines how the practices of ngalogat, the characteristics of kitab kuning (classical Islamic texts), and the main teaching systems contribute to the continuity of texts and scholarly authority within pesantren communities. The findings indicate that ngalogat and the use of the Arab Pegon script not only facilitate students’ understanding of classical Arabic texts but also document the localization of knowledge through interlinear translation and glosses in Sundanese. The textual structure of matan, syarah, hasyiyah, and tukilan forms an interconnected network that underpins the intellectual formation of students, while teaching methods such as sorogan, bandongan, halaqah, and mudzakarah function as mechanisms for both text preservation and authoritative transmission of Islamic knowledge across generations. Nevertheless, the preservation of pesantren manuscripts faces serious challenges, including physical deterioration, limited conservation expertise, and a shifting learning orientation toward digital media. Contemporary efforts such as digitization, raising awareness of manuscript care, and reinforcing classical learning methods are therefore crucial to ensure that kitab kuning and pesantren manuscripts remain preserved, relevant, and accessible for future generations of students.