Kerajaan Safawi Dan Peradaban Mistimisme Islam Di Persia

Abstrak

After the collapse of the Abbasid dynasty due to the Mongol attack on Baghdad, Islamic civilization slowly began to collapse. The emergence of the Safavid dynasty in Persia founded by Safi al-Din (1252-1334) brought major changes to the decline of Islamic civilization at that time. The Safavid dynasty emerged in the Middle Ages, initially this dynasty originated from a tarekat movement that was established in Ardabila, this tarekat continued to be maintained until this tarekat became a political movement, even the name Safavid was preserved until it became a dynasty. The Safavid dynasty had an important role in the development of the history of Islamic civilization and culture, it was recorded that there were eleven caliphs who occupied the throne of the caliphate, each of them had their respective roles in the spread of Islamic civilization, but from the many caliphs who occupied the caliphate, the Safavid dynasty also experienced several internal and external conflicts that resulted in the decline and destruction of the Safavid dynasty in Persia